Compound locomotive-engine



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NO. 499,065. Patented June 6, 18913.

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GOMPOUND LOGOMGTIVE ENGINE. No. 499,065. v PatentedrJune 6, 1893.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

SAMUEL`M. VAUCLAIN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMPOUND LOCOMOTIVE-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 499,065, dated June 6,1893.

Application filed July 24, 1 8 91 To a/ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certainImprovements in Compound Locomotive-Engines, ot' which the following isa specication.

The object of my invention is to construct a two cylinder compoundlocomotive engine, which can be run either as a compound engine or as ahigh pressure engine as the engineer desires. This object I attain inthe following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,in which- Figure l, is a transverse sectional view through the cylindersand smoke box of a locomotive illustrating my invention. Fig. 2, is asection on the line 1--2, Fig. l, illustrating the alternating valve.Fig. 3, is a section on the line 3-4, Fig. l, illustrating a reducingvalve. Fig. t, is a diagram view showing the valves set for compounding;and Fig. 5, is a diagram view showing the valves so set that bothcylinders will be high pressure cylinders. Fig. 6, is aview of anordinary spring actuated reducing valve.

A is the smoke box of the locomotive, B the` high pressure cylinder, andD the low pressure cylinder, one cylinder being mounted on one side ofthe locomotive and the other on the opposite side of the same. The smallcylinder B has a steam inlet passage b and an exhaust passage 1)',61being the inlet passage for the large cylinder D, and d the exhaustpassage for the same. The steam inlet pipe a is connected by a T to thetwo steam pipes a a2, the steam pipe a being connected directly to thesteam inlet b of the cylinder B, while the pipe afgis connected to thereducing valve casing described hereinafter. This casing is connected tothe inlet passage d of the large cylinder, so that when the reducingvalve is set in the proper position steam will iiow directly into thecylinder D through said valve.

Situated directly above the exhaust passages of each cylinder in thepresent instance are the exhaust nozzles E, E. I have shown two nozzles,but it will be understood that a combination nozzle may be used ifnecessary.

Serial No. 400,557. (No model.)

'The exhaust passage d from the cylinder D connects directly with theexhaust nozzle E through the passage e and the steam from the exhaustpassage b of the small cylinder B can be either directed at once to theexhaust nozzle or to the inlet d of the cylinder D, by means of analternating valve F. My invention particularly relates to thisalternating valve, and to the reducing valve M.

Referring to Fig. 2, F is the alternating valve casing having a passagef communicating with the exhaust passage b of the small cylinder, andalso a passage f communicating with the exhaust nozzle E. The valve hasa lining sleeve or bushing G, with three sets of ports g g g2 and to thebushing are adapted the two valves H and H which are connected togetherby the stem H2 and have an extension h adapted to strike an abutment hso as to limit the forward movement, the rearward movement being limitedby the end h2 of the valve casing. Vhen the engine is working as acompound engine, live steam is directed into this end of the valvecasing by a valve I, and pipe t', the valve I being a threeway valve,and being located within convenient reach of the engineer. The valves HH are thereby moved to the position shown in Fig. 4:, so that the steamexhausted from the small cylinder B enters the alternating valve F byWay ot' the passagef and passes through the ports g and g2 and thencethrougha passage f2 and through a cross passage J to the passage m ofthe reducing valve M, this passage being connected to the inlet d of thelarge cylinder D, from which the steam is exhausted through the passagee to the nozzle F.. When the valveI is turned so as to open the exhausthowever, the valve I'I H is shifted to the position shown in Fig. 5, sothat the ports g2 are cut olf from the passage fand the ports g openedthereto. Hence the steam from the passage b passes directly to theexhaust nozzle E through the passage f, ports g g and passage f', thetwo cylinders working independently and the cylinder D receiving steamfrom the reducing valve M. This valve is constructed in the followingmannerz-The valve casin g has an inlet passage m connected to the steampipe a2 and an outlet passage m roo above described, connected to theinlet passage d of the cylinder D. N is a valve having a head N adaptedto a chamber K the body of the valve being adapted to a lining orbushing Z open at one end to the passage m and having a row of ports nThe chamber K communicates with the valveI through a pipe i', so thatsaid valve governs the admission of steam into both the valve casing Fand chamber K.

I do not limit myself to the special construction herein shown of thevalve I, as it may be modified without departing from my invention, ortwo or more valves may be used for the purpose.

In the present instance I provide the pipe i with a check valve z2opening away from the valve I so that while the valve F can be opened tothe atmosphere when the steam is cut ott, the chamber K is shut off fromthe atmosphere when shut off from the steam, and the water ofcondensation from the entrapped steam will leak past the head N of thevalve N to the leakage port t in the casing. When the pressure isreduced, and the check valve K2 closes, the steam thus entrapped in thechamber K will eventually leak past the head N to the leakage port t.

When the engine is compounding, the reducing valve is closed by thepressure of steam in the chamber K, as shown in Fig. 4, the cylinder Dreceiving steam from the cylinder B, but when steam is cut oft from thepipes z'z", the Valve H will be moved to the position shown in Fig. 5,the space back of the valve being open to the atmosphere, and the valveN will be moved to the position shown in said figure, the steam back ofthevalve in the chamber K escaping past the head of the valve and thecylinder D, will then receive steam direct from thesteam main throughthe passages m',

'm and ports n. As the steam back of the valve N is simply entrappedsteam, it gradually condenses, and will leak past the valve as describedallowing the valve to move into the chamber, thus, opening communicationbetween the steam main and the cylinder D, the amount of opening,however, being regulated by the pressure in the passage m. It will thusbe seen that an engine constructed in accordance with my invention canbe set to run either as a two cylinder compound engine or as a highpressure engine with the two cylinders acting independently of eachother, the mechanism for transforming the engine from a compound to ahigh pressure engine being under the control of the engineer, who canreadily change the conditions of working by simply shifting the valve I,or the valves used in place of the same.

My invention may be used in connection with double compound engineshaving two cylinders,one high pressure and one low pressure, on eachside of the locomotive, by duplicating the reducing and alternatingvalves, the object of the invention being to utilize the low pressurecylinder as a high pressure cylinder in connection with the ordinaryhigh pressure cylinder when circumstances demand the exertion of greaterpower than can be obtained by compounding.

It should be understood that the areas of the body and head of the valveN bear a relation to each other dependent upon the relative areas of thesmall and large cylinders B and D so that the pressure of steam in thecylinder D when the same is working high pressure, is so reduced as toexert approximately the same force upon the piston in said cylinder asis exerted upon the piston in the smaller cylinder by the steam at fullpressure.

If desired, the alternating valve may be operated mechanically insteadof by steam pressure by connecting the valve to an operating rod, asshown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, and a spring actuated or balancedreducing valve can, as shown in Fig. 6, be employed in place of thespecial form of valve which I have shown.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent- 1. The combination of the high and low pressurecylinders, the alternating valve whereby the exhaust from the highpressure cylinder may be directed either to the low pressure cylinder orto the escape nozzle, a reducing valve chest communicating at one endwith thelive steam passage, and having ports through which itcommunicates with a passage leading to the low pressure cylinder, avalve adapted to close said ports, and having an enlarged head containedin a chamber of the valve casing, a steam pipe communicating with saidchamber and having a check valve opening toward the same, and a steampipe forming a communication between said chamber and the passageleading to the low pressure cylinder, and likewise having a check Valveopening toward the chamber, substantially as specitied.

2. The combination in a compound engine, of the high and low pressurecylinders, a valve casing, ports g-, g-, g2-, therein, a single pressureactuated valve composed of two pistons H H', connected together wherebythe exhaust from the high pressure cylinder may be directed from theport gto the low pressure cylinder through the port g2-, or to theescape nozzle through the port g, with a reducing valve through whichlive steam may be permitted to pass directly to the low pressurecylinder, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the high and low pressure cylinders, a singlepressure actuated alternating valve, whereby steam may be directed fromthe exhaust of the high pressure cylinder, either to the low pressurecylinder, or to the escape nozzle, a pressure actuated reducing valvethrough which live steam may pass directly to the low pressure cylinder,said valves located substantially in the IOO same vertical plane Withinthe smoke box, name to Iohis specification in the presence of passagesfor admitting steam to the Valve oastwo subscribing Witnesses. ings foroperating them, and means substan- 1 tally as described for controllingthe flow of SAMUEL M VAULLAIN' 5 steam through said passages,substantially as Witnesses:

shown and described. KENNETH RUsHToN,

In testimony whereof I have signed my J. R. MASSEY.

